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Thath : that ( This word is used to represent Bhrahman every where in the Vedhas/ Bhrahma Sutras).
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Savithru : Lord Surya or Sun God
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Varenyam : One is worth to be respected.
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Bhargo : The light
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Deyasya : The Lord's
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Deemahi : we should meditate
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Diyo : Intellect
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Yo :who
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Naha: our
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Prachodayath :guide to the right direction
The reason why we should pray to Sun god:
The actual fact, that's being conveyed through this is that, we all need to meditate the brightness of the Lord, Savitha or Lord Sun, who initiates our thoughts. Thus, we need to see the root of the thoughts & thus analyse the athma Sthanam, where the thoughts arise. This is going to be the Nirvikalpa Samadhi state, when be become one with that Athma Sthanam. Thus here the Bhrahman is described as Svithru Deva or Lord Sun. There is nothing greater than Gayathri Japam in this world, as it talks about the technique of Athma Sakshathkaram.
There is nothing equivalent to worshipping Lord Surya, as he is a pratyaksha Devatha. He is physically available for us to see & worship. There are lots of diseases, which get cured by his divine graces. In addition to that, he is the prime source of energy for all the living organisms in this world. He is the center of the orbit for all the nine planets. Mythologically, Harichandra, Rama.. are called as Surya Vamshis.
The famous Adithya Hrudhayam verse, which was taught by the Sage Agasthya, to Lord Rama is very powerful & would grant the boon og "Ista Karya Siddhi". Even today, when people are going for competitions, exams... they chnat this holy verse three times before going, to get the divine graces of Lord Marthanda.
The PhalaStuthi of this slokam, states the glories of Lord Surya:
Adithya Hrudhayam Punyam Sarva Shatru Vinashanam
Jayavaham Japen Nithyam Akshayyam Paramam Shivam

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